References


Below is the full bibliography for all sources cited throughout the website, formatted in IEEE style:

  1. World Economic Forum, "Four ways the web has changed our lives and will shape our future," World Economic Forum, 12 March 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2019/03/four-ways-the-web-has-changed-our-lives-and-will-shape-our-future. [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  2. CERN, "A short history of the Web," CERN. [Online]. Available: https://home.cern/science/computing/birth-web/short-history-web. [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  3. Mozilla Foundation, "Browser History: Epic power struggles that brought us modern browsers," [Online]. Available: https://www.firefox.com/en-US/more/browser-history/?redirect_source=mozilla-org. [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  4. Computer History Museum, "Networking & The Web | Timeline of Computer History," [Online]. Available: https://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/networking-the-web/ . [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  5. R. Raghavan, "The History of Browser Wars: The Mosaic, Netscape, and Beyond," acodez, [Online]. Available: https://acodez.in/browser-wars/ . [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  6. StatCounter Global Stats, "Browser Market Share Worldwide," [Online]. Available: https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share . [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  7. Reuters, "Microsoft launches AI-based Copilot Mode in Edge browser," 28 July 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.reuters.com/business/microsoft-launches-ai-based-copilot-mode-edge-browser-2025-07-28/ . [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  8. M. Read, "25 Top Web Design Trends 2025," 23 April 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.theedigital.com/blog/web-design-trends . [Accessed 10 September 2025].
  9. Mozilla Developer Network (MDN), "Security on the web," Mozilla. [Online]. Available: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Security . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  10. proofpoint, "What is web security? Definition, importance & more," [Online]. Available: https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-reference/web-security . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  11. GeeksforGeeks, "Web Security Considerations," [Online]. Available: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ethical-hacking/web-security-considerations/ . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  12. MDN, "Website security - Learn web development," Mozilla. [Online]. Available: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  13. w3schools, "SQL injection," [Online]. Available: https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_injection.asp . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  14. StackHawk, "10 Web Application Security Threats for 2025 & How To Respond" [Online]. Available: https://www.stackhawk.com/blog/10-web-application-security-threats-and-how-to-mitigate-them/ . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  15. CloudFlare, "What is phishing? | Phishing attack prevention," [Online]. Available: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/access-management/phishing-attack/ . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  16. CloudFlare, "What is a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack?," [Online]. Available: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/what-is-a-ddos-attack/ . [Accessed 11 September 2025].
  17. BrowserStack, "Mobile First Design: What it is & How to Implement it," BrowserStack, 1 August 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.browserstack.com/guide/how-to-implement-mobile-first-design . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  18. Interaction Design Foundation (IxDF), "What is Mobile First?," 2016 (updated 2025). [Online]. Available: https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/mobile-first . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  19. MDN, "Mobile first," 18 July 2025. [Online]. Available: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Mobile_First . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  20. UXPin, "A Hands-On Guide to Mobile-First Design," 3 October 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.uxpin.com/studio/blog/a-hands-on-guide-to-mobile-first-design/ . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  21. M. Stewart, "What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile-First Design?," 2020 (updated 2024). [Online]. Available: https://www.thecreativemomentum.com/blog/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-mobile-first-design .
  22. J. McCoy, "Mobile-First Indexing: Everything You Need to Know," 9 January 2025. [Online]. Available: https://searchengineland.com/mobile-first-indexing-everything-you-need-to-know-450286 . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  23. A. Basque, "Best Practices for Mobile-First Web Development in 2024," K6 Agency, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.k6agency.com/mobile-first-web/ . [Accessed 13 September 2025].
  24. A. Shankar, "Internet penetration reaches 70% in the Arab world finds Orient Planet Research," Intelligent CIO Middle East, 19 April 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.intelligentcio.com/me/2025/04/19/internet-penetration-reaches-70-in-the-arab-world-finds-orient-planet-research/ . [Accessed 14 September 2025].
  25. GSMA Intelligence, "The Mobile Economy Middle East and North Africa 2024," GSMA, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://event-assets.gsma.com/pdf/181124-Mobile-Economy-MENA-2024.pdf . [Accessed 14 September 2025].
  26. Statista, "Internet Usage in MENA," 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/topics/5550/internet-usage-in-mena/#topicOverview . [Accessed 14 September 2025].
  27. S. Kemp, "Digital 2025: Lebanon," DataReportal, 3 March 2025. [Online]. Available: https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2025-lebanon . [Accessed 14 September 2025].
  28. Statista, "Countries with fastest average mobile internet speeds (2024)," June 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/896768/countries-fastest-average-mobile-internet-speeds/ . [Accessed 14 September 2025].
  29. GeeksforGeeks, "CSS History and Versions," 23 July 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/css/css-history-versions/ . [Accessed 25 September 2025].
  30. Boston University, "History of CSS," [Online]. Available: https://www.bu.edu/lernet/artemis/years/2020/projects/FinalPresentations/HTML/historyofcss.html . [Accessed 25 September 2025].
  31. B. Bos, "20 Years of CSS," w3.org, [Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/Style/CSS20/ . [Accessed 25 September 2025].
  32. Wikipedia, "HTML5," 22 September 2025. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5 . [Accessed 25 September 2025].
  33. Library of Congress, Digital Collections Management & Services Division, "HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 5," 18 May 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000481.shtml . [Accessed 25 September 2025].
  34. MDN , "At-rules - CSS," [Online]. Available: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_syntax/At-rule . [Accessed 25 September 2025].